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Lippmann, Walter, 1889-1974

"Public Opinion"

There you will still find it asserted that
"the Chinese are fond of colors, and have their eyebrows much vaulted"
while "the heads of the Calmucks are depressed from above, but very
large laterally, about the organ which gives the inclination to
acquire; and this nation's propensity to steal, etc., is admitted."
[Footnote: _Jastrow, op. cit._, p. 156.]
The modern psychologists are disposed to regard the outward behavior
of an adult as an equation between a number of variables, such as the
resistance of the environment, repressed cravings of several
maturities, and the manifest personality. [Footnote: Formulated by
Kempf, _Psychopathology_, p. 74, as follows:
Manifest wishes }
over }
Later Repressed Wishes }
Over } opposed by the resistance of the
Adolescent Repressed Wishes } environment=Behavior
Over }
Preadolescent Repressed Wishes }
] They permit us to suppose, though I have not seen the notion
formulated, that the repression or control of cravings is fixed not in
relation to the whole person all the time, but more or less in respect
to his various selves. There are things he will not do as a patriot
that he will do when he is not thinking of himself as a patriot. No
doubt there are impulses, more or less incipient in childhood, that
are never exercised again in the whole of a man's life, except as they
enter obscurely and indirectly into combination with other impulses.


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